(Rated 14A [Canada] and R [MPAA] for strong frontier combat and violence including gory images, a sexual assault, language and brief nudity; directed by Alejandro González Iñárritu; stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Tom Hardy, Domhnall Gleeson, Will Poulter, Forrest Goodluck, Melaw Nakehk’o, Duane Howard, Anthony Starlight and Arthur Redcloud; run time: 156 min.)
Bleak, yet beautiful
By Ted Giese
Shot primarily on location around Calgary, Alberta, Canada, “The Revenant” is a tale of revenge set in the American frontier of the 1820s at the peak of the fur trade during the western expansion. While the film’s central character, Hugh Glass (Leonardo DiCaprio), was a real person, even in his lifetime his extraordinary survival story had become folklore. Director Alejandro González Iñárritu’s film works to further aggrandize Glass’ story by adding speculative elements.
As the end credits roll, viewers see that the film is “based in part” on the novel The Revenant by Michael Punke. After reading the carefully researched and lightly fictionalized book, viewers who also watch Iñárritu’s film will see that it is based in very small part on the book, because the director’s adaptations change the fundamental motivation for Glass’ desire for revenge.
As part of an ill-fated fur-trapping expedition, Glass is mauled by a grizzly bear. Two men — Fitzgerald (Tom Hardy) and Bridger (Will Poulter) — are left to provide palliative care as the rest of the expedition presses on. Abandoning him to die of exposure and his wounds, Fitzgerald and Bridger strip Glass of some of the very things he would need to survive, including his rifle. Fitzgerald does this with a large degree of malice, while Bridger does so reluctantly. Glass, however, doesn’t die, and, while making a slow recovery, mounts an arduous trek to hunt down the men who left him for dead.
The revenge motive is augmented by Iñárritu’s adding a son named Hawk (Forrest Goodluck) who, in the film, Glass had fathered with a Pawnee woman. Iñárritu has Glass in his incapacitated state witness the racially charged murder of his son at the hands of Fitzgerald, and this also drives him to seek revenge. There is no historical evidence that Glass ever had a son named Hawk.
Punke’s book begins with Scripture: “… never avenge yourselves, but leave it to the wrath of God, for it is written, ‘Vengeance is mine, I will repay, says the Lord’ ” (Rom. 12:18-20). Iñárritu’s film eventually gets around to this theme, but he doesn’t use the Scripture passage to inform the film from the outset. Rather, it starts with an American military massacre of a Pawnee tribe with whom Glass was living, and from which he and his son, Hawk, were counted among the only survivors. It isn’t until partway through Glass’ recovery that he comes across a lone Pawnee warrior, Hikuc (Arthur Redcloud), who shared a similar tragic experience. Hikuc says to Glass, “My heart bleeds. But revenge is in the Creator’s hands.” Both book and film garner a fair amount of dramatic tension by asking, “What will Glass do if he catches up with Fitzgerald and Bridger? Will he take matters into his own hands, or will he leave it in the hands of God? Will vendetta or forgiveness win?”
Warning: Spoilers ahead.
Glass is not the only frontiersman seeking something seemingly just out of reach. There is an Arikara tribe seeking its chief’s missing daughter, Powaqa (Melaw Nakehk’o). The Arikara and Glass cross paths on a number of occasions, and in the end, Glass’ mercy toward Powaqa is rewarded when he rescues her from the hands of a French voyageur rapist.
When Glass finally has his son’s murderer in his hands, a bloodied Fitzgerald says to him, “You came all this way just for yer revenge, huh? You enjoy it, Glass, ’cus ain’t nothing gonna bring yer boy back,” to which Glass responds, echoing the Pawnee warrior Hikuc, “Revenge is in God’s hands, not mine.” By this point, the Arikara tribe had located the missing Powaqa and happened upon Glass and Fitzgerald. The tribe, not Glass, exacts justice for Hawk’s death and Glass’ abandonment following the bear attack.
When Fitzgerald and Bridger abandoned Glass in his time of need, they never expected to see him again. The word “revenant” is defined as “a person who has returned, especially supposedly from the dead.” Sometimes it’s used when talking about a vengeful ghost or spirit. As in real life, the recovery and re-emergence of Glass following the bear attack surprised everyone in the fur-trapping expedition, especially the leader, Captain Andrew Henry (Domhnall Gleeson).
Christian viewers will want to note three moments in the film that symbolize Glass’ “resurrection” from the dead. First, he rises up out of the shallow grave prepared for him by Fitzgerald and Bridger; then, from a makeshift sweat lodge prepared for him by the Pawnee warrior, Hikuc; and finally, from the inside of a dead horse Glass guts and sleeps in to save himself from a winter storm. Each time Glass emerges stronger and more alive. Of course his return from the dead is metaphorical, as he never actually dies.
This imagery may provide opportunity for Christians to think of their Baptism. St. Paul reminds us that in Baptism a person is “baptized into [Christ Jesus’] death” and continues, “We were buried therefore with [Jesus] by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life” (Rom. 6:3-4). In contrast to the symbolism provided in “The Revenant,” a person does not emerge from the waters of Christian Baptism seeking revenge on his enemies. In Christ, we die with Jesus at the cross, and our life is in Jesus, who promises a final resurrection from the dead on the Day of Judgment.
It may be of interest to note that during the second of these “baptism-like” re-emergence scenes, Glass has a vision, or dream, of his son, Hawk, in a ruined church building. The church is a mishmash of Eastern and Western Christian styles, and as Glass walks toward it, the steeple bell rings in the wind, and the image of Christ crucified painted on the weathered apse wall is prominently visible during Glass’ and Hawk’s reunion.
Much has been made of the film project itself — both because of its grueling production schedule and its visual presentation shot with natural lighting. It has the look and feel of a Terrence Malick film and fits well alongside other critically acclaimed and challenging films like Francis Ford Coppola’s “Apocalypse Now” or Werner Herzog’s “Aguirre: The Wrath of God.” This rugged approach has captivated the imagination of viewers and garnered the film three Golden Globe awards (Best Motion Picture — Drama; Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture — Drama, for DiCaprio; and Best Director — Motion Picture, for Iñárritu) as well as 12 Oscar nominations.
“The Revenant” is visually stunning at times. Like in his Oscar-winning best picture “Birdman” (2014), Iñárritu provides long stretches of expertly choreographed action and dialogue without the conventional cuts. This gives the film an intense realism which, while truly amazing to behold, masks a hollowness. The movie tries to be profound, but in the end it utilizes numerous cliché tropes (figurative or metaphorical uses of a word or expression) to propel the plot and build tension when it could have achieved the same thing by delving more deeply into the motivations of its characters.
Even though the film captures the beauty of the frontier landscape and its bitter dangers and troubles — from the harsh environment to its people — it is ultimately a poor substitute for Punke’s book, which has clearer Christian themes and a more compelling narrative. The film would have been much better had Iñárritu avoided adding well-worn tropes and stuck more closely to Punke’s book. Nevertheless, as a film, “The Revenant” is ambitious and intense — mostly bleak, but with moments of beauty.
The Rev. Ted Giese (pastorted@sasktel.net) is associate pastor of Mount Olive Lutheran Church, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada; a contributor to “Reformation Rush Hour” on KFUO AM Radio, the Canadian Lutheran and Reporter/Reporter Online; and movie reviewer for the “Issues, Etc.” radio program. Follow Pastor Giese on Twitter @RevTedGiese.
Posted Jan. 21, 2016
